利用Dualex葉綠素儀研究菊花生理在抗西花薊馬中的作用

更新時間：2022-05-07　點擊量：2446

Dualex便攜式智能氣象-葉綠素-花青素-黃酮醇測量儀

摘要

西花薊馬（Thysanaptera:薊馬科）是世界范圍內蔬菜和觀賞植物栽培中一種重要的經濟害蟲。在菊花的營養期和生殖期，對宿主植物的抗性以及黃酮醇、花色和花形等抗性因子的作用知之甚少。我們在兩個季節中廣泛篩選了菊花品種以量化對西方花薊馬的抗性。抗性基于葉片上的銀損傷，相對黃酮醇含量使用Dualex Scientific 4手持式傳感器測量。品種間銀損傷存在顯著差異，表明不同的抗性水平。中葉相對黃酮醇含量與植物銀害無相關性。在植物發育的個體發育階段，通過比較多個葉位，黃酮醇在抗病和感病品種中的抗性水平將有可能在未來得到更明確的區分。此外，通過對花上成蟲和幼蟲的計數，研究了花的顏色和形狀對薊馬抗性的影響。結果表明，成蟲對花色的偏好存在顯著差異，而幼蟲則沒有。花的形狀影響薊馬幼蟲和雌性，但不影響雄性。討論了結果對電阻測定的重要性。

The role of plant physiology and c*r of chrysanthemum in the resistance against Western flower thrips

Abstract

Western flower thrips, Frankliniella occidentalis (Pergande) (Thysanoptera: Thripidae), is an economically important pest insect in vegetable and ornamental c*tion worldwide. Little is known about host plant resistance in the vegetative and generative phases of chrysanthemum [Chrysanthemum × morifolium (Ramat.) Hemsl. (Asteraceae)] and the role of resistance factors such as flavonols, flower color, and flower shape. We screened a broad range of chrysanthemum c*rs across two seasons to quantify resistance against Western flower thrips. Resistance was based on silver damage on the leaves, and relative flavonol content was measured using a Dualex Scientific 4 hand-held sensor. There was significant variation in silver damage between c*rs, indicating different levels of resistance. There was no correlation between the relative flavonol content in middle leaves and plant silver damage. A clearer resistance level discrimination by flavonols in resistant and susceptible c*rs would be possible in the future by comparing multiple leaf positions during the ontogenetic phases of plant development. Moreover, the influence of flower color and shape on resistance to thrips was investigated by counting the adult thrips and larvae on flowers. The results showed significant differences in flower color preference by adults, but not by larvae. Flower shape influenced thrips larvae and females, but not males. The importance of the results for resistance determination is discussed.